Aplikasi topikal krim ekstrak ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas l.) meningkatkan kadar superoxide dismutase (SOD) dan menurunkan kadar caspase-3 pada tikus (Rattus norvegicus) dengan photoaging akibat paparan sinar ultraviolet B

Andrew Yoshihiro Wirya; Ketut Kwartantaya  Winaya; I Gusti Ngurah  Darmaputra; Nyoman  Suryawati; I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi  Karmila; Ni Made Dwi  Puspawati

doi:10.15562/ism.v14i2.1748

Aplikasi topikal krim ekstrak ubi jalar ungu (Ipomoea batatas l.) meningkatkan kadar superoxide dismutase (SOD) dan menurunkan kadar caspase-3 pada tikus (Rattus norvegicus) dengan photoaging akibat paparan sinar ultraviolet B

Andrew Yoshihiro Wirya ,

Ketut Kwartantaya Winaya ,

I Gusti Ngurah Darmaputra ,

Nyoman Suryawati ,

I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila ,

Ni Made Dwi Puspawati ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i2.1748 |
Published: 2023-06-26

Abstract

Introduction: The aging process can occur due to oxidative stress from free radicals, which triggers an inflammatory process. SOD expresses the body's ability to fight free radicals, while Caspase-3 is a marker of cell apoptosis due to an inflammatory response. Ipomoea batatas L. is known to have antioxidant compounds that can increase SOD and suppress Caspase-3. Researchers wanted to see the ability of purple sweet potato extract to increase SOD levels and decrease Caspase-3 levels in rats with chronic skin inflammation models exposed to UV-B.

Methods: This research is an experimental study using a post-test only with a control group design that shows descriptive and analytic data divided into six groups. The exposure procedure was carried out for 4 weeks with a total 840 mJ/cm2 dose. The purple sweet potato cream concentration was 4%, 8% and 16%. A rat skin biopsy was taken to determine SOD and Caspase-3 levels using an ELISA kit. In addition, an anthocyanin examination was carried out on purple sweet potatoes. This study describes a descriptive and analytic analysis using SPSS 26.0

Results: The anthocyanin content in purple sweet potato extract was 7.1669 mg/100g. The highest SOD level in the treatment group was 3162±17.801ng/mL (16% concentration), and the lowest Caspase-3 level was in the P3 group (0.456±0.066ng/mL). Based on the normality and homogeneity tests, it was found that the data were normally distributed and not homogeneous, so a comparability test was carried out with the Kruskal-Wallis analysis. The results of the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that each treatment had significantly different mean SOD levels and caspase-3 levels (p<0.05). The post-hoc test showed significant differences in SOD and Caspase-3 levels between all control groups (K-, K1+, K2+) and the treatment group (P1, P2, P3).

Conclusion: Administration of purple sweet potato cream extract can increase SOD levels as a marker of the aging process due to UVB exposure and decrease Caspase-3 levels as a marker of inflammation due to UVB exposure

Pendahuluan: Proses penuaan dapat terjadi sebagai akibat stress oksidatif dari radikal bebas yang memicu proses inflamasi. SOD merupakan cerminan dari kemampuan tubuh dalam melawan radikal bebas, sedangkan Caspase-3 merupakan penanda apoptosis sel sebagai akibat respon inflamasi. Ipomoea batatas L. diketahui mampu memiliki senyawa antioksidan yang mampu meningkatkan SOD dan menekan caspase-3. Peneliti hendak mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak ubi jalar ungu dalam meningkatkan kadar SOD dan menurunkan kadar caspase-3 pada tikus model inflamasi kronis kulit yang terpapar UV-B.

Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental rancangan post-test only dengan kelompok kontrol dan terbagi menjadi enam kelompok. Penyinaran dilakukan selama 4 minggu dengan total dosis penyinaran sebesar 840 mJ/cm2. Konsentrasi krim ubi jalar ungu yang diberikan yaitu 4%, 8% dan 16%. Biopsi kulit tikus diambil untuk dilakukan pengecekan kadar SOD dan caspase-3 menggunakan kit ELISA. Selain itu, dilakukan pemeriksaan antosianin pada ubi jalar ungu. Penelitian ini memaparkan analisis deskriptif dan analitik menggunakan SPSS 26.0

Hasil : Kadar antosianin yang terkandung pada ekstrak ubi jalar ungu yaitu 7,1669 mg/100g. Kadar SOD kelompok perlakuan paling tinggi yaitu 3162±17,801 ng/mL (konsentrasi 16%), begitu juga dengan kadar Caspase-3 terendah pada kelompok P3 (0,456±0,066 ng/mL). Berdasarkan uji normalitas dan homogenitas ditemukan bahwa data berdistribusi normal dan tidak homogen sehingga dilakukan uji komparabilitas dengan analisis Kruskal-Wallis yang menunjukkan masing-masing perlakuan memiliki rerata kadar SOD dan kadar caspase-3 yang berbeda secara signifikan (p<0,05). Uji post-hoc menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna kadar SOD dan caspase-3 antara semua kelompok kontrol (K-, K1+, K2+) dengan kelompok perlakuan (P1, P2, P3).

Simpulan: Pemberian ekstrak krim ubi jalar ungu dapat meningkatkan kadar SOD sebagai penanda proses penuaan akibat paparan sinar UVB dan menurunkan kadar Caspase-3 sebagai penanda inflamasi akibat paparan sinar UVB

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