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Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak HIV/AIDS di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wangaya



Abstract

Background: Nutritional status is essential in children with HIV/AIDS infection and is related to morbidity and mortality rates. Predictors that affect the nutritional status of children with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia are still limited and have not been widely studied.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study analyzing 45 children with HIV/AIDS who went to the children's polyclinic and Kaswari ward at Wangaya General Hospital. Data were collected from February to March 2022 through secondary data from patient medical records.

Results: 53.3% of the children have a good nutritional status, followed by 40% of children with malnutrition and 6.7% of children with overweight. The predictor factors analyzed were the hemoglobin value (r = 0.42; p<0.05), T-CD4 (r = 0.105;  p>0.05), and duration of ART consumption (r = 0.147;  p>0.05). ANOVA analysis on the variable viral load, consumption of ART, adherence to ART, and presence of opportunistic infections jointly influenced the nutritional status of children with HIV/AIDS (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The hemoglobin value, viral load, consumption of ART, adherence to ART, and opportunistic infections affect the nutritional status of children with HIV/AIDS.

 

Latar Belakang: Status gizi merupakan hal penting yang diperhatikan pada anak dengan infeksi HIV/AIDS dan berkaitan dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas. Prediktor yang memengaruhi status gizi anak dengan HIV/AIDS di Indonesia masih terbatas dan belum banyak diteliti.

Metode: Studi analitik potong lintang dengan menganalisis 45 anak dengan HIV/AIDS yang berobat ke poliklinik anak dan ruang rawat inap kaswari di RSUD Wangaya. Data dihimpun sejak bulan Februari-Maret 2022 melalui data sekunder yang berasal dari rekam medis pasien.

Hasil: Sebanyak 53,3% anak memiliki gizi baik, diikuti dengan 40% anak gizi kurang dan 6,7% anak gizi lebih. Faktor prediktor yang di analisis seperti kadar hemoglobin ( r = 0.42; p<0,05), nilai T-CD4 (r = 0,105;  p>0,05), dan lama konsumsi ART (r = 0,147;  p>0,05). Analisis ANOVA pada variabel viral load, konsumsi ART, kepatuhan ART, dan adanya infeksi oportunistik secara bersama-sama memengaruhi status gizi anak dengan HIV/AIDS (p<0,05).

Simpulan: Kadar hemoglobin, viral load, konsumsi ART, kepatuhan ART, dan adanya infeksi oportunistik memengaruhi status gizi anak dengan HIV/AIDS.

Keywords: anak HIV/AIDS faktor prediktor status gizi

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How to Cite

Ratnasari, L. P. A. P., Suryawan, I. W. B., & Dewi, M. R. (2023). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan status gizi anak HIV/AIDS di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wangaya. Intisari Sains Medis, 14(2), 922–926. https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v14i2.1665
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